DEPARTMENT
OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
UNIVERSITY
OF GHANA
MASTER OF
PHILOSOPHY (MPHIL) POLITICAL SCIENCE
POLI 615:
PUBLIC ENTERPRISE
COURSE
OUTLINE AND READING LIST, FIRST SEMESTER, 2019-2020
LECTURER: PROFESSOR ATSU AYEE
1. Course Objective
The aim of the course is to introduce students to
the role of the state in national development in developing countries as well
as the objectives, functions, forms, structural, financial and human resource
requirements of state owned enterprises (SOEs) and the strategies (for example,
privatization, corporate plans and performance contracts) adopted to improve
their performance.
2. Learning Objectives
The learning objectives of the course are at three
levels, namely, knowledge, skills and behaviour.
3. Learning Outcomes
At the
end of the course, students should be able to do the following:
• Describe
the role of the state and public sector in national development.
• Define
the concept of public enterprise and identify its main two elements.
• Describe
the reasons behind the creation of state owned enterprises.
• Identify
the organizational and functional types of public enterprise.
• Enumerate the functions and role of sector ministries, board of
directors, chief executive officer of state-owned enterprises.
• Describe strategies for improving the performance of state owned
enterprises such as corporate/strategic plan, performance contract,
privatization, and commercialisation.
• Design a
strategic or corporate plan.
• Describe
the role of the private sector in Ghana and understand its problems.
• Make a
prognosis of the future of public enterprises.
4. Instructional Methodology
This class will use a seminar/workshop format and
will meet for three hours once a week. It will comprise a combination of
lectures, discussions, student presentations and term papers.
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5. Evaluation
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Seminar
presentation by student
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-
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15%
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Term
paper of 15 pages on student’s choice of topic
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-
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15%
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Written
Examination
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-
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70%
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Total
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100
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COURSE OUTLINE AND READINGS
1. The state and the public sector in development
Joseph
R.A. Ayee, Reforming the African Public
Sector: Retrospect and Prospects,
CODESRIA
Green Book, (Dakar: CODESRIA, 2008).
Roger
Tangri, The Politics of Patronage in
Africa: Parastatals, Privatizations and
Private Enterprise (Oxford:
James Currey, 1999).
Mark
Turner and David Hulme, Governance,
Administration & Development: Making
the State Work (New
York: Palgrave, 1997).
Praxy Fernandes, Managing
Relations Between Government and Public Enterprises (Geneva: ILO, 1986).
Victor
Powell, Improving Public Enterprise
Performance: Concepts and Techniques
(Geneva:
ILO, 1986).
A.H. Hanson, Public Enterprise and
Economic Development (London: Stevens and Sons, 1959).
World
Bank, World Development Report 1997: The State in a Changing World.
Washington,
DC: World Bank, 1997.
2.
The concept of public enterprise; reasons for the creation of state
owned enterprises (SOEs) in Ghana and other African countries; concept of state
capacity.
Joseph
R.A. Ayee, Reforming the African Public
Sector: Retrospect and Prospects,
CODESRIA
Green Book (Dakar: CODESRIA, 2008).
Roger
Tangri, The Politics of Patronage in
Africa: Parastatals, Privatizations and
Private Enterprise (Oxford:
James Currey, 1999).
Mark
Turner and David Hulme, Governance,
Administration & Development: Making
the State Work (New
York: Palgrave, 1997).
Praxy Fernandes, Managing
Relations Between Government and Public Enterprises (Geneva: ILO, 1986).
Victor
Powell, Improving Public Enterprise
Performance: Concepts and Techniques
(Geneva:
ILO, 1986).
A.H. Hanson, Public
Enterprise and Economic Development (London: Stevens and Sons, 1959).
V.
Ramanadham, The Nature of Public
Enterprise (London: Croom Helm, 1984).
J. Heath
(ed.) Public Enterprise at
the Crossroads: Essays
in Honour of
V.V.
Ramanadham (London/New York: Routledge,
1990).
United
Nations, Public Enterprise: Unresolved
Challenges and New Opportunities
(New
York: United Nations, 2005).
Tony
Killick, Development Economics in Action:
A Study of Economic Policies in
Ghana (London: Heinemann, 1978).
D.K. Greenstreet, “Public Corporations in Ghana in
the Nkrumah Period”, The African Review, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1973.
J.R.A. Ayee, “Some Thoughts on the Use of the
Profitability Criterion in Evaluating State Enterprises in Ghana”, Journal of Management Studies, 3rd Series, Vol. 3, 1986: 142-162.
World
Bank, Bureaucrats in Business: The
Economics and Politics of Government
Ownership (New York: World Bank, 1995).
3. Organizational and functional types of public enterprise
United
Nations, Development Administration:
Current Approaches and Trends in
Public Administration for Development (New
York: UN, 1975).
A.H. Rweyamamu and G. Hyden (eds.) A Decade of Public Administration in Africa
(Nairobi: East African Literature Bureau).
D.K. Greenstreet, “A Comment on the Organizational
Forms of Public Enterprise in Ghana”, Journal
of Management Studies, 2nd Series, Vol. 8, No. 1, March 1976: 8-12.
D.K. Greenstreet, “Classification, Extent and Scope
of Public Enterprise in Ghana”, Greenhill
Journal of Administration, No. 2, July-September, 1975: 28-32.
A.H. Hanson, Public
Enterprise and Economic Development (London: Stevens and Sons, 1959).
4.
Government control over state owned enterprises: the role of the sector
ministry, board of directors and chief executive officer
Praxy Fernandes, Managing Relations Between Government and Public Enterprises
(Geneva: ILO, 1986).
Victor
Powell, Improving Public Enterprise
Performance: Concepts and Techniques
(Geneva:
ILO, 1986).
G. Glentworth, “Public Enterprises in Developing
Countries: Some Suggestions in Creation, Organization and Control”, Journal of Administration Overseas, Vol.
12, No. 3, 1973: 190-205.
A.H. Hanson, Public
Enterprise and Economic Development (London: Stevens and Sons, 1959).
V.
Ramanadham, The Nature of Public
Enterprise (London: Croom Helm, 1984).
J. Heath
(ed.) Public Enterprise at
the Crossroads: Essays
in Honour of
V.V.
Ramanadham (London/New York: Routledge,
1990).
United
Nations, Public Enterprise: Unresolved
Challenges and New Opportunities
(New
York: United Nations, 2005).
5. Measuring the performance of state owned
enterprises
J.R.A. Ayee, “Some Thoughts on the Use of the
Profitability Criterion in Evaluating State Enterprises in Ghana”, Journal of Management Studies, 3rd Series, Vol. 3, 1986: 142-162.
Praxy Fernandes, Managing Relations Between Government and Public Enterprises
(Geneva: ILO, 1986).
Victor
Powell, Improving Public Enterprise
Performance: Concepts and Techniques
(Geneva:
ILO, 1986).
Tony
Killick, Development Economics in Action:
A Study of Economic Policies in
Ghana (London: Heinemann, 1978).
J. Heath
(ed.) Public Enterprise at
the Crossroads: Essays
in Honour of
V.V.
Ramanadham (London/New York: Routledge,
1990).
United
Nations, Public Enterprise: Unresolved
Challenges and New Opportunities
(New
York: United Nations, 2005).
6.
Reforming state-owned enterprises: privatization, commercialisation,
strategic plan and performance contract
Joseph
R.A. Ayee, Reforming the African Public
Sector: Retrospect and Prospects,
CODESRIA
Green Book (Dakar: CODESRIA, 2008).
Roger
Tangri, The Politics of Patronage in
Africa: Parastatals, Privatizations and
Private Enterprise (Oxford:
James Currey, 1999).
Shirley, M.M. (1983) Managing State Owned Enterprises, Washington, DC, World Bank Staff
Working Paper No. 577.
Shirley,
M. (1989) The Reform of State Owned
Enterprises: Lessons from World Bank
Lending, PPR Series No. 4 (Washington,
DC: World Bank).
Praxy Fernandes, Managing Relations Between Government and Public Enterprises
(Geneva: ILO, 1986).
Victor
Powell, Improving Public Enterprise
Performance: Concepts and Techniques
(Geneva:
ILO, 1986).
Hemming, R. & Mansoor, A.M. (1988) Privatization and Public Enterprises,
IMF Occasional Paper, No. 56 (Washington, DC: IMF).
Hemming, R. and Mansoor, A.M. (1988) Privatization and Public Enterprise
(Washington, DC: IMF Occasional Paper No. 56).
Herbst. J. (1990) “The Politics of Privatization in
Africa”, in Suleiman, E.N. and Waterbury, J. (eds.) The Political Economy of Public Sector Reform and Privatization
(Boulder, CO: Westview).
D.A. Rondinelli & M. Iacono, “Strategic
Management of Privatization: A Framework for Planning and Implementation”, Public Administration and Development,
16, 1996, pp. 247-263.
R. A. Young, “Privatization in Africa”, Review of African Political Economy, 51
(July), 1991, pp. 50-62.
7. Privatization/divestiture of state owned
enterprises in Ghana
Joseph
R.A. Ayee, Reforming the African Public
Sector: Retrospect and Prospects,
CODESRIA
Green Book (Dakar: CODESRIA, 2008).
K. Appiah-Kubi, “State Owned Enterprises and
Privatization in Ghana”, The Journal of Modern African Studies, Vol. 39, No.
2: 197-229.
Roger
Tangri, The Politics of Patronage in
Africa: Parastatals, Privatizations and
Private Enterprise (Oxford:
James Currey, 1999).
K.V.S.K. Nathan, “Privatization of Public Assets in
Developing Countries”, Amicus Curiae, Issue 44 November/December,
2002.
Akanimo
Etukudo, Issues in Privatization and
Restructuring in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Geneva:
ILO, 1997.
J.R.A. Ayee, “A Note on the Privatization of State
Enterprises in Ghana”, Greenhill Journal of Administration, Vol. 7, (1
& 2), 1990: 10-20.
J.R.A. Ayee “Corporate Plans and Performance Contracts
as Devices for Improving the Performance of State Enterprises”, African Journal of Public Administration and
Management, III (1), 1994: 77-91.
J.R.A.
Ayee, “Divestiture Programme in Ghana: Experiences and Lessons”, Ghana
Economic Outlook, Vol. 3,
No. 1, 1998: 88-98.
Roger Tangri, “The Politics of State Divestiture in
Ghana”, African Affairs, Vol. 90,
1991: 523-536.
E. Gyimah-Boadi,
“State Enterprises Divestiture: Recent Ghanaian Experiences”, in
D. Rothchild (ed.) Ghana: The
Political Economy of Recovery (Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1991).
W. Adda, “Privatization in Ghana”, in V.V. Ramanadham (ed.) Privatization in Developing Countries (London: Routledge, 1989).
Republic of Ghana, Privatization
of State Owned Enterprises in Ghana (Accra: FES, 1994).
Republic of Ghana, Ghana Shared
Growth and Development Agenda 1 & II, 2010-2013 and 2014-2017. Accra:
National Development Planning Commission.
World
Bank, Bureaucrats in Business: The
Economics and Politics of Government
Ownership (New York: World Bank, 1995).
J. Heath
(ed.) Public Enterprise at
the Crossroads: Essays
in Honour of
V.V.
Ramanadham (London/New York: Routledge,
1990).
United
Nations, Public Enterprise: Unresolved
Challenges and New Opportunities
(New
York: United Nations, 2005).
8. The private sector in Ghana
Joseph
R.A. Ayee, Reforming the African Public
Sector: Retrospect and Prospects,
CODESRIA
Green Book, (Dakar: CODESRIA, 2008).
Peter Arthur, “The State, Private Sector Development, and Ghana’s ‘Golden
Age of Business’”, African Studies Review,
Vol. 49, No. 1 (April) 2006: 31-50.
Roger
Tangri, The Politics of Patronage in
Africa: Parastatals, Privatizations and
Private Enterprise (Oxford:
James Currey, 1999).
Roger Tangri, “The Politics of Africa’s Public and Private Enterprise”, Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, Vol. 23, No. 2 (July) 1995:
169-184.
J.R.A. Ayee, M. Lofchie and Carolina Wieland, Government-Business Relations in Ghana: Experience with Consultative
Mechanisms, PSD Occasional Paper,
The World Bank, Private Sector
Department, No.36, October 1999: vi+64.
ISSER, “Private Sector Development in Ghana” in The State of the Ghana Economy in 1998 (Legon, ISSER, 1999). Chapter 8:
160-182.
C. Ackah, E. Aryeetey, J. Ayee & E. Clottey,
State-Business Relations and Economic Performance in Ghana, IPPG Discussion Paper Series 35, January
2010.
F. Asem, M. Busse, R. Osei & M. Siberberger,
Public Sector Development and Governance in Ghana, International Growth Centre Working Paper April 2013.
9. The Future of Public Enterprises
J. Heath
(ed.) Public Enterprise at
the Crossroads: Essays
in Honour of
V.V.
Ramanadham (London/New York: Routledge,
1990).
United
Nations, Public Enterprise: Unresolved
Challenges and New Opportunities
(New
York: United Nations, 2005).
World
Bank, Bureaucrats in Business: The
Economics and Politics of Government
Ownership (New York: World Bank, 1995).
Akanimo
Etukudo, Issues in Privatization and
Restructuring in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Geneva:
ILO, 1997.
SEMINAR TOPICS
1. Examine
the role of the state in development in Africa.
2. Comment
on the view that the regulatory state has failed in Ghana.
3.
Why did public enterprises become
an important feature in Africa’s development process?
4.
The concept of public enterprise
has two dimensions: a public dimension and an enterprise dimension. Discuss.
5.
Discuss the organizational and
functional forms of public enterprises. Give examples to illustrate your
points.
6.
Examine the role of the
supervisory/sector ministry, board of directors and chief executive officer in
the corporate governance of public enterprises.
7. Why is measuring the performance of public enterprises a Herculean
undertaking in Africa?
8.
Examine one of the strategies
used to improve the performance of public enterprises in Ghana. Use examples to
illustrate your points.
9. Examine some of the dilemmas that “bureaucrats in business” face in
the economics and politics of government ownership.
10.
Discuss the performance of the
private sector in the Ghanaian economy. Suggest pragmatic measures to improve
its performance.
11.
Do public enterprises have a
future in Africa given their performance since independence?
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